Di With the growth of industrial Manchester, Karl Friedrick Scinkel launched a question: "All the great ages of history have left a building, so why should not we forge a style suitable for us?" From that moment on, Germany became the epicenter of the continental architectural debate, spearheading the technical-scientific experimentation and led Europe.
Gropius had, therefore, needs to assert itself with loud manifestos and statements of axiomatic principles.
In 1919, when Gropius succeeded van de Velde, transforms the Bauhaus school of architecture education expanded in Dessau.
Gropius's story does not begin, however, with the Bauhaus. A student of Behrens, built in 1911, with Adolf Meyer, the factory Fagus at Alfeld an der Leine, while the Pavilion of the Werkbund exhibition in Cologne in '14 reveals the strengths and uncertainties Animus Gropius. The war drags
Gropius in the whirlwind expressionist. However, the activity can be considered expressionist Gropius very fleeting. In 1922 the project for the "Chicago Tribune" assembles volumes in dissonance, and the "total theater" of '26 marks a climax in the investigation of a multi-purpose hall for theatrical performances and mobility. In '22
van Doesburg had come to Weimar to promulgate the word cancer and Gropius could not tolerate such an invasion, instigated from the wing Expressionist teacher, had no access to the Bauhaus, but as an architect, he assimilated the lesson at least half of De Stijl. Breaking down the body of the new Bauhaus in the cubic block of dorms, in the articulated body of classes, workshops in the prism glass, and careful not to reconnect with elements assonant. Giedion observes that he can not see the whole building, even in the floor plan drawing, unless you move and revolve around the eye.
Likewise Bauhaus stood adjacent to the houses of the professors. They do not obey laws a priori: the piles appear where they are needed.
had a certain importance in the career of Walter Gropius, the Bauhaus. Widely
paralyzed by their own ideas at least five years before the Nazis decreed the end, he had international impact, but could not penetrate the German university in appearing. It embodied, however, the bad conscience, not by developing a specific teaching method, but an experimental approach is open, receptive of any meaningful input in the design, from graphics to furniture, architecture, photography, handmade piece to the prototype industry. The aim is also on teamwork, a collaboration that "synchronize individual efforts, reaching a potential greater than the sum of an equal number of isolated individuals."
emigration due to the coming Nazi Gropius does not, however, a rethinking of his ideas, but in England where he made repairs, along with Edwin Maxwell Fry, the original school Impington, he was invited to chair the Graduate School of Design at Harvard University, he moved to the United States. Here, using the contribution of other refugees, causes a shift in architectural education, but without playing a Bauhaus. On the ground training, is associated with his disciple Marcel Breuer and, later, he formed the TAC (The Architects Collaborative) with seven ex-students of Harvard.
The arc can be distinguished American Gropius in two phases. The first, from the wooden homes of Lincoln and Wayland to the prism and the prefabricated expandable working-class neighborhood in New Kensington, testifies to a gradual assimilation of local trends. The second, characterized by teamwork Tac, has an excellent debut in the courts interfluenti the Graduate Center at Harvard, but it often falls eclecticism.
Gropius durability does not know a brilliant and explosive, such as Le Corbusier, nor a period of operational success, as Mies. Sees rise in West Berlin but the Gropiusstadt, offered free from the ancient homeland
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